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Clearing your vision with the Snellen -- by Dr. Bates

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Clearing your vision with the Snellen -- by Dr. Bates
#1
Dear Imagination-blindness friends,

    Here are the recommendations of Dr. Bates in
using your Snellen to clear your distant
vision (to pass the DMV -- and better.)

    The intuitive mind is a sacred gift and the rational mind is a faithful servant. We have created a society that honors the servant and has forgotten the gift.

                                              Albert Einstein





     CHAPTER XXVII

THE PREVENTION AND CURE OF MYOPIA AND

OTHER ERRORS OF REFRACTION IN SCHOOLS:

A METHOD THAT SUCCEEDED

                                                      Dr. W. H. Bates


     ...Then came a doctor from the Board of Health who tested the
eyes of the children and put glasses on all of them, even those
whose sight was fairly good.

     The use of the card was then discontinued, as the teacher did
not consider it proper to interfere while the children were
wearing glasses prescribed by a physician.  Very soon, however,
the children began to lose, break, or discard, their glasses.
Some said that the spectacles gave them headaches, or that they
felt better without them.  In the course of a month or so most of
the aids to vision which the Board of Health had supplied had
disappeared.

     The teacher then felt herself at liberty to resume the use of
the Snellen test card. Its benefits were immediate.  The
eye-sight and the mentality of the children improved
simultaneously, and soon they were all drafted into the regular
classes, because it was found that they were making the same
progress in their studies as the other children were.

     Another teacher reported an equally interesting experience.
She had a class of children who did not fit into the other grades.
Many of them were backward in their studies.  Some were persistent
truants.  All of them had defective eyesight.  A Snellen test card
was hung in the classroom where all the children could see it, and
the teacher carried out my instructions literally.  At the end of
six months all but two had been cured, and these had improved very
much, while the worst incorrigible and the worst truant had become
good students.

     The incorrigible, who had previously refused to study,
because, he said it gave him a headache to look at a book, or at
the blackboard, found out that the test card, in some way, did him
a lot of good; and although the teacher had asked him to read it
but once a day, he read it whenever he felt uncomfortable.

     The result was that in a few weeks his vision had become
normal and his objection to study had disappeared.  The truant had
been in the habit of remaining away from school two or three days
every week, and neither his parents nor the truant officer had
been able to do anything about it.  To the great surprise of his
teacher he never missed a day after having begun to read the
Snellen test card.

     When she asked for an explanation, he told her that what had
driven him away from school was the pain that came in his eyes
whenever he tried to study, or to read the writing on the
blackboard.  After reading the Snellen test card, he said, his
eyes and head were rested and he was able to read without any
discomfort.

     To remove any doubts that might arise as to the cause of the
improvement noted in the eyesight of the children, comparative
tests were made with and without cards.  In one case six pupils
with defective sight were examined daily for one week without the
use of the test card.  No improvement took place.  The card was
then restored to its place, and the group was instructed to read
it every day.

     At the end of a week all had improved and five were cured.
In the case of another group of defectives the results were
similar.  During the week that the card was not used no
improvement was noted; but after a week of exercises in distant
vision with the card all showed marked improvement, and at the end
of a month all were cured.  In order that there might be no
question as to the reliability of the records of the teachers some
of the principals asked the Board of Health to send an inspector
to test the vision of the pupils, and whenever this was done the
records were found to be correct.

     One day I visited the city of Rochester, and while there I
called on the Superintendent of Public Schools and told him about
my method of preventing myopia.  He was very much interested and
invited me to introduce it in one of his schools.  I did so, and
at the end of three months a report was sent to me showing that
the vision of all the children had improved, while quite a number
of them had obtained normal vision in both eyes.

     The method has been used in a number of other cities and
always with the same result.  The vision of all the children
improved, and many of them obtained normal vision in the course of
a few minutes, days, weeks, or months. It is difficult to prove a
negative proposition, but since this system improved the vision of
all the children who used it, it follows that none could have
grown worse.  It is therefore obvious that it must have prevented
myopia.  This cannot be said of any method of preventing myopia in
schools which had previously been tried.  All other methods are
based on the idea that it is the excessive use of the eyes for
near work that causes myopia, and all of them have admittedly
failed.

     It is also obvious that the method must have prevented other
errors of refraction, a problem which previously had not even been
seriously considered, because hypermetropia is supposed to be
congenital, and astigmatism was until recently supposed also to be
congenital in the great majority of cases.  Anyone who knows how
to use a retinoscope may, however, demonstrate in a few minutes
that both of these conditions are acquired; for no matter how
astigmatic or hypermetropic an eye may be, its vision always
becomes normal when it looks at a blank surface without trying to
see.

     It may also be demonstrated that when children are learning
to read, write, draw, sew, or to do anything else that
necessitates their looking at unfamiliar objects at the nearpoint,
hypermetropia, or hypermetropic astigmatism, is always produced.
The same is true of adults.  These facts have not been reported
before, so far as I am aware, and they strongly suggest that
children need, first of all, eye education.

Part 2
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#2
Part 2

    They must be able to look at strange letters or objects at
the near-point without strain before they can make much progress
in their studies, and in every case in which the method has been
tried it has been proven that this end is attained by daily
exercise in distant vision with the Snellen test card. When their
distant vision has been improved by this means children invariably
become able to use their eyes without strain at the near-point.
The method succeeded best when the teacher did not wear glasses.

    In fact, the effect upon the children of a teacher who wears
glasses is so detrimental that no such person should be allowed to
be a teacher, and since errors of refraction are curable, such a
ruling would work no hardship on anyone.

    Not only do children imitate the visual habits of a teacher
who wears glasses, but the nervous strain of which the defective
sight is an expression produces in them a similar condition.  In
classes of the same grade, with the same lighting, the sight of
children whose teachers did not wear glasses has always been found
to be better than the sight of children whose teachers did wear
them.

Why Should Our Children Suffer?

    In one case I tested the sight of children whose teacher wore
glasses, and found it very imperfect.  The teacher went out of the
room on an errand, and after she had gone I tested them again.
The results were very much better.  When the teacher returned she
asked about the sight of a particular boy, a very nervous child,
and as I was proceeding to test him she stood before him and said,
"Now, when the doctor tells you to read the card, do it." The boy
couldn't see anything.  Then she went behind him, and the effect
was the same as if she had left the room.  The boy read the whole
card.

    Still better results would be obtained if we could
re-organize the educational system on a rational basis.  Then we
might expect a general return of that primitive acuity of vision
which we marvel at so greatly when we read about it in the memoirs
of travellers. But even under existing conditions it has been
proven beyond the shadow of a doubt that errors of refraction are
not necessary part of the price we must pay for education.

    There are at least ten million children in the schools of the
United States who have defective sight.  This condition prevents
them from taking full advantage of the educational opportunities
which the State provides.  It undermines their health and wastes
the taxpayers' money.  If allowed to continue, it will be an
expense and a handicap to them throughout their lives. In many
cases it will be a source of continual misery and suffering.  And
yet practically all of these cases could be cured and the
development of new ones prevented by the daily reading of the
Snellen test card.

    Why should our children be compelled to suffer and wear
glasses for want of this simple measure of relief?  It costs
practically nothing.  In fact, it would not be necessary, in some
cases, as in the schools of New York City, even to purchase the
Snellen test cards, as they are already being used to test the
eyes of the children.  Not only does it place practically no
additional burden upon the teachers, but, by improving the
eyesight, health, disposition and mentality of their pupils, it
greatly lightens their labors.

    No one would venture to suggest, further, that it could
possibly do any harm.  Why, then, should there be any delay about
introducing it into the schools?  If there is still thought to be
need for further investigation and discussion, we can investigate
and discuss just as well after the children get the cards as
before, and by adopting that course we shall not run the risk of
needlessly condemning another generation to that curse which
heretofore has always dogged the footsteps of civilization,
namely, defective eyesight.  I appeal to all who read these lines
to use whatever influence they possess toward the attainment of
this end.


    DIRECTIONS FOR USING THE SNELLEN TEST CARD FOR THE PREVENTION
      AND CURE OF IMPERFECT SIGHT IN SCHOOLS


    The Snellen Test Card is placed permanently upon the wall of
the classroom, and every day the children silently read the
smallest letters they can see from their seats with each eye
separately, the other being covered with the palm of the hand in
such a way as to avoid pressure on the eyeball.  This takes no
appreciable amount of time, and is sufficient to improve the sight
of all children in one week and to cure all errors of refraction
after some months, a year, or longer.

    Children with markedly defective vision should be encouraged
to read the card more frequently.  Children wearing glasses should
not be interfered with, as they are supposed to be under the care
of a physician, and the practice will do them little or no good
while the glasses are worn.

    While not essential, it is a great advantage to have records
made of the vision of each pupil at the time when the method is
introduced, and thereafter at convenient intervals annually or
more frequently.  This may be done by the teacher.

    The records should include the name and age of the pupils,
the vision of each eye tested at twenty feet, and the date.  For
example:

John Smith, 10, Sept.  15, 1919

R.  V. (vision of the right eye) 20/40

L.  V. (vision of the left eye) 20/20

John Smith, 11, January 1, 1920

R.  V. 20/30 L.  V.  20/15

    A certain amount of supervision is absolutely necessary.  At
least once a year some one who understands the method should visit
each classroom for the purpose of answering questions, encouraging
the teachers to continue the use of the method, and making some
kind of a report to the proper authorities.  It is not necessary
that either the supervisor, the teachers, or the children, should
understand anything about the physiology of the eye.
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